Maths in a minute: Writing infinite sums
If I tell you to consider the infinite sum
you will know what I mean. It’s easy to continue the pattern, it’s 6 next, then 7, and so on. The same goes for the infinite sum
But what if the pattern is less obvious? For example, it’s a little harder to see how to continue
It seems like we need a better way of writing infinite sums that doesn’t depend on guessing patterns. Luckily, there is one. It’s easiest understood using an example:
The symbol stands for "sum". The symbol is a dummy variable. The formula tells us to form a sum whose terms are the expression that comes after the with the symbol replaced by , , , , and so on, all the way to infinity. Thus,
stands for
The expression
stands for
and
stands for
You can even express sums whose terms are alternatingly negative and positive, for example
stands for
What about our sum from above,
Can you express it in terms of the notation?
It's a little tricky, so if you can't find the answer, see here.But why would we want to write down infinite sums in the first place? The reason is that even though they are infinitely long, they can still converge to a finite value. In fact, writing certain quantities as infinite sums (more properly called infinite series) is a powerful tool in mathematics. See here to find out more about infinite series.